Everything about The War Of The Bavarian Succession totally explained
The
War of the Bavarian Succession was a war that occurred in
1778 and
1779. The fight is known as the
Potato War (
Kartoffelkrieg) because of the extended time the
Prussian and
Austrian troops spent in manoeuvres in
Bohemia to obtain or deny food-supplies to the enemy.
When
Elector Maximilian III of the
junior branch of the
Wittelsbach died in
1777, the
Sulzbach line stood as heir to the
Duchy of Bavaria. The
Elector Palatine Charles IV Theodore was the actual heir who inherited the throne and he proceeded to cede
Lower Bavaria to
Austria by secret treaty with
Holy Roman Emperor Joseph II, in exchange for which he was to receive the
Austrian Netherlands.
Maximilian's consort
Maria Anna Sophia of Saxony started negotiations with Prussia to secure Bavaria's independence and the succession of the Wittelsbach branch Palatinate Zweibrücken-Birkenfeld in Bavaria after Charles Theodore's death.
Count Karl-Wilhelm Finck von Finckenstein, Prussian First Minister under
Frederick the Great believed that Austria's acquisitions in
Bavaria would rebalance the gain of
Silesia to
Prussia three decades earlier, thus reestablishing Austria's hegemony in German-speaking lands and undermining Prussia's own position. He therefore constructed an alliance with
Saxony and both countries declared war on Austria, ostensibly to defend the rights of
Charles II August, Duke of Zweibrücken, Charles Theodore's heir.
The invasion of Bohemia was largely bloodless and ended in the
Congress of Teschen (1779), mediated by
Russia and
France. According to the peace settlement,
Maria Theresa of Austria, much to her son's and co-ruler's displeasure, gave all but the
Innviertel back to Bavaria. Saxony received financial reward for their role in the intervention. It is notable as Frederick the Great's last war. When Emperor
Joseph II tried the scheme again in 1784, Frederick created the
Fürstenbund, allowing himself to be seen as a defender of German liberties.
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